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Logical Fallacies Used in Oral Addresses

deductive argument moves from general statement to specific conclusion. A law, a rule or some other widely accepted principle must support the argument. It is often presented in a 3-part form called a syllogism. If the first two parts of the syllogism are true, then the conclusion must also be true.

An inductive argument, on the other hand, moves from specific statement to general conclusion. Personal experience or observation can support the argument. The strength or weakness of an inductive argument depends on whether or not you believe the observation it is based on.

Many arguments seem strong or true until you examine them carefully. If an argument seems weak or flawed -- if it just plain doesn't work -- then it may be a case of faulty logic (a logical fallacy). Here are some logical fallacies to look out for and to avoid in your own writing and oral presentations.