Standardized Test Preparation
GED
Science
Assessment Exam - GED Science| Scientific practices | eTAP Lesson |
|---|---|
| Comprehending Scientific Presentations | |
| Understand and explain textual scientific presentations
GED.SP.1.a |
Written Reports and Oral Presentations |
| 1 Comprehending Scientific Presentations | |
| Determine the meaning of symbols, terms and phrases as they are used in scientific presentations
GED.SP.1.b |
|
| Understand and explain a non-textual scientific presentations
GED.SP.1.c |
Develop Presentations Using Appropriate Research Methods |
| 2 Investigation Design (Experimental and Observational) | |
| Identify possible sources of error and alter the design of an investigation to ameliorate that error
GED.SP.2.a |
The Scientific Method |
| Identify and refine hypotheses for scientific investigations
GED.SP.2.b |
Hypothesis |
| Investigation Design (Experimental and Observational) | |
| Identify the strength and weaknesses of one or more scientific investigation (i.e. experimental or observational) designs
GED.SP.2.c |
Tools and Technology |
| Design a scientific investigation
GED.SP.2.d |
You Can Be a Scientist |
| Identify and interpret independent and dependent variables in scientific investigations
GED.SP.2.e |
Measuring and Estimating |
| Reasoning from Data | |
| Cite specific textual evidence to support a finding or conclusion
GED.SP.3.a |
How to Draw and Present Conclusions |
| Reason from data or evidence to a conclusion
GED.SP.3.b |
Conclusions |
| Investigation Design (Experimental and Observational) | |
| Make a prediction based upon data or evidence
GED.SP.3.c |
Graphing Data |
| Using sampling techniques to answer scientific questions
GED.SP.3.d |
Fossil Analysis |
| Evaluating Conclusions with Evidence | |
| Evaluate whether a conclusion or theory is supported or challenged by particular data or evidence
GED.SP.4.a |
Write Technical Documents |
| Working with Findings | |
| Reconcile multiple findings, conclusions or theories
GED.SP.5.a |
Appropriate Techniques for Developing the Introduction and Conclusion |
| Expressing Scientific Information | |
| Express scientific information or findings visually
GED.SP.6.a |
Information Collection |
| Express scientific information or findings numerically or symbolically
GED.SP.6.b |
Displaying Data |
| Express scientific information or findings verbally
GED.SP.6.c |
Deliver Research Presentations |
| Scientific Theories | |
| Understand and apply scientific models, theories and processes
GED.SP.7.a |
Finding Answers to Questions |
| Apply formulas from scientific theories
GED.SP.7.b |
New Scientific Ideas |
| Probability & Statistics | |
| Describe a data set statistically
GED.SP.8.a |
Data Classification, Range, and Midrange |
| Use counting and permutations to solve scientific problems
GED.SP.8.b |
Fundamental Counting Principle, Factorial Permutation and Combination |
| Determine the probability of events
GED.SP.8.c |
Probability of Events |
| Life Science | eTAP Lesson |
| Human Body and Health | |
| Body systems (e.g. muscular, endocrine, nervous systems) and how they work together to perform a function (e.g. muscular and skeletal work to move the body)
GED.LS.1.a |
The Nervous System Endocrine System Bones and Muscles |
| Homeostasis, feedback methods that maintain homeostasis (e.g. sweating to maintain internal temperature), and effects of changes in the external environment on living things (e.g. hypothermia, injury
GED.LS.1.b |
|
| Sources of nutrients (e.g. foods, symbiotic organisms) and concepts in nutrition (e.g. calories, vitamins, minerals)
GED.LS.1.c |
Digestive System |
| Transmission of disease and pathogens (e.g. airborne, bloodborne), effects of disease or pathogens on populations (e.g. demographics change, extinction), and disease prevention methods (e.g. vaccination, sanitation)
GED.LS.1.d |
Antibodies, Vaccination |
| Relationship Between Life Functions and Energy Intake | |
| Energy for life functions (e.g. photosynthesis, respiration, fermentation
GED.LS.2.a |
Energy Capture and Storage |
| Energy Flows in Ecologic Networks (Ecosystems) | |
| Flow of energy in ecosystems (e.g. energy pyramids), conservation of energy in an ecosystem (e.g. energy lost as heat, energy passed on to other organisms) and sources of energy (e.g. sunlight, producers, lower level consumer)
GED.LS.3.a |
Energy Pyramid |
| Flow of matter in ecosystems (e.g. food webs and chains, positions of organisms in the web or chain) and the effects of change in communities or environment on food webs
GED.LS.3.b |
The Food Web and the Physical Environment |
| Carrying capacity, changes in carrying capacity based on changes in populations and environmental effects and limiting resources to necessary for growth
GED.LS.3.c |
Resources in the Ecosystem |
| Symbiosis (e.g. mutualism, parasitism, commensalism) and predator/prey relationships (e.g. changes in one population affecting another population)
GED.LS.3.d |
Organism Populations |
| Disruption of ecosystems (e.g. invasive species, flooding, habitat destruction, desertification) and extinction (e.g. causes [human and natural] and effects)
GED.LS.3.e |
Ecosystem Changes Biomes |
| Organization of Life (Structure and Function of Life) | |
| Essential functions of life (e.g. chemical reactions, reproduction, metabolism) and cellular components that assist the functions of life (e.g. cell membranes, enzymes, energy)
GED.LS.4.a |
Endocrine System Reproduction of Flowering Plants Organization and Function |
| Cell theory (e.g. cells come from cells, cells are the smallest unit of living things), specialized cells and tissues (e.g. muscles, nerve, etc.) and cellular levels of organization (e.g. cells, tissues, organs, systems)
GED.LS.4.b |
Nucleus, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts Basic Cell Characteristics |
| Mitosis, meiosis (e.g. process and purpose)
GED.LS.4.c |
Mitosis and Organism Development |
| Molecular Basis for Heredity | |
| Central dogma of molecular biology, the mechanism of inheritance (e.g. DNA) and chromosomes (e.g. description, chromosome splitting during Meiosis)
GED.LS.5.a |
Meiosis Genes and DNA Sexual Reproduction |
| Genotypes, phenotypes and the probability of traits in close relatives (e.g. Punnett squares, pedigree charts
GED.LS.5.b |
Genetic Maps Possible Outcome of Phenotypes |
| New alleles, assortment of alleles (e.g. mutations, crossing over), environmental altering of traits, and expression of traits (e.g. epigenetics, color-points of Siamese cats)
GED.LS.5.c |
Lethal Homozygous Alleles and Their Roles Mendel's Laws |
| Evolution | |
| Common ancestry (e.g. evidence) and cladograms (e.g. drawing, creating, interpreting)
GED.LS.6.a |
Branching Diagram (Cladogram) |
| Selection (e.g. natural selection, artificial selection, evidence) and the requirements for selection (e.g. variation in traits, differential survivability)
GED.LS.6.b |
Natural Selection Genetic Engineering |
| Adaptation, selection pressure, and speciation
GED.LS.6.c |
Evidence of Evolution |
| Physical Science | eTAP Lesson |
| Conservation, Transformation, and Flow of Energy | |
| Heat, temperature, the flow of heat results in work and the transfer of heat (e.g. conduction, convection)
GED.PS.1.a |
Heat Flow and Work |
| Endothermic and exothermic reactions
GED.PS.1.b |
Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions |
| Types of energy (e.g. kinetic, chemical, mechanical) and transformations between types of energy (e.g. chemical energy [sugar] to kinetic energy [motion of a body])
GED.PS.1.c |
Reactions and Energy Gravitational Potential Energy Calculations Kinetic Energy Calculations |
| Sources of energy (e.g. sun, fossil fuels, nuclear) and the relationships between different sources (e.g. levels of pollutions, amount of energy produced)
GED.PS.1.d |
Energy from Fuel Natural Energy and Material Resources |
| Types of waves, parts of waves (e.g. frequency, wavelength), types of electromagnetic radiation, transfer of energy by waves, and the uses and dangers of electromagnetic radiation (e.g. radio transmission, UV light and sunburns)
GED.PS.1.e |
Wavelength, Frequency, and Wave Speed Problems Sound Waves, Radio Waves, Light, and X-rays |
| Work, Motion, and Forces | |
| Speed, velocity, acceleration, momentum, and collisions (e.g. inertia in a car accident, momentum transfer between two objects)
GED.PS.2.a |
Momentum Speed and Velocity |
| Force, Newton’s Laws, gravity, acceleration due to Gravity (e.g. freefall, law of gravitational attraction), mass and weight
GED.PS.2.b |
One Dimensional Motion Problems (Newton's Second Law) |
| Work, simple machines (types and functions), mechanical advantages (force, distance, and simple machines), and power
GED.PS.2.c |
Energy from Fuel |
| Chemical Properties and Reactions Related to Living Systems | |
| Structure of matter
GED.PS.3.a |
Atoms and Molecules |
| Physical and chemical properties, changes of state, and density
GED.PS.3.b |
Regions and Periods What is Density? |
| Balancing chemical equations and different types of chemical equations, conservation of mass in balanced chemical equations and limiting reactants
GED.PS.3.c |
Descriptions of Chemical Reactions and Writing Chemical Equations |
| Parts in solutions, general rules of solubility (e.g. hotter solvents allow more solute to dissolve), saturation and the differences between weak and strong solutions
GED.PS.3.d |
Solute and Solvent |
| Earth and Space Science | eTAP Lesson |
| Interactions between Earth’s Systems and Living Things | |
| Interactions of matter between living and non-living things (e.g. cycles of matter) and the location, uses and dangers of fossil fuels
GED.ES.1.a |
Greenhouse Effect on Earth |
| Natural hazards (e.g. earthquakes, hurricanes, etc.) their effects (e.g. frequency, severity, and short- and long-term effects), and mitigation thereof (e.g. dikes, storm shelters, building practices)
GED.ES.1.b |
Principal Natural Hazards |
| Extraction and use of natural resources, renewable vs. non-renewable resources and sustainability
GED.ES.1.c |
Converting Energy |
| Earth and its System Components and Interactions | |
| Characteristics of the atmosphere, including its layers, gases and their effects on the Earth and its organisms, including climate change
GED.ES.2.a |
Computer Models to Study Greenhouse Effect |
| Characteristics of the oceans (e.g. salt water, currents, coral reefs) and their effects on Earth and organisms
GED.ES.2.b |
Features of the Ocean Floor Properties of Ocean Water Earth’s Oceans |
| Interactions between Earth’s systems (e.g. weathering caused by wind or water on rock, wind caused by high/low pressure and Earth rotation, etc.)
GED.ES.2.c |
Weather and Climate How Has Earth's Climate Changed Over Time? |
| Interior structure of the Earth (e.g. core, mantle, crust, tectonic plates) and its effects (e.g. volcanoes, earth quakes, etc.) and major landforms of the Earth (e.g. mountains, ocean basins, continental shelves, etc.)
GED.ES.2.d |
The Internal Structure of the Earth Geological Regions and Resources |
| Structures and Organization of the Cosmos | |
| Structures in the universe (e.g. galaxies, stars, constellations, solar systems), the age and development of the universe, and the age and development of Stars (e.g. main sequence, stellar development, deaths of stars [black hole, white dwarf])
GED.ES.3.a |
Galaxies Where is the Solar System? |
| Sun, planets, and moons (e.g. types of planets, comets, asteroids), the motion of the Earth’s motion and the interactions within the Earth’s solar system (e.g. tides, eclipses)
GED.ES.3.b |
The Sun (Earth Science) The Sun, an Average Star Eight Planets Other Objects in Our Solar System |
| The age of the Earth, including radiometrics, fossils, and landforms
GED.ES.3.c |
Early Earth |
